The Barefoot Technologist

Vietnam detains bloggers on eve of visit from US Secretary of State
The Washington Post reports that Vietnamese authorities arrested two bloggers and refused to release a third in the run-up to an official visit from US Secretary of State Hilary Clinton last weekend. In response, the US Embassy in Hanoi issued a “statement of concern”.

Tribal rights charity targeted by DDoS assault
The Register report that development charities including Survival International who hosted footage of Indonesian soldiers torturing native Papuans have been subjected to denial of service attacks on their websites. In a statement, Survival’s Director Stephen Corry said, “This isn’t a couple of geeks in a shed, it’s an expensive and sophisticated attack amounting to cyberterrorism”.

US says genes should not be eligible for patenting
The New York Times report that the US federal government has issued a statement indicating that human and other genes should not be eligible for patenting, potentially reversing a longstanding policy of the US Patents and Trademark Office. The statement was made in a amicus brief filed by the US Department of Justice in the appeal case of ACLU vs Myriad.

Major new technology-for-transparency initiative launched for Africa
The Omidyar Network and Hivos have announced the creation of the Africa Transparency and Technology Initiative, “the first fund in Africa to support the incubation of technology-driven initiatives that give citizens the tools to hold their governments to account”. The Omidyar Network will invest $2million in the initiative in its first two years.

Indian High Level Committee recommends three-strikes policy to curb online infringement
A high profile committee set up last December by the Indian Ministry of Information & Broadcasting to look into ways to reduce illicit copyright infringement of video and audio works have submitted their report. Their recommendations include a potentially draconian “three strikes” policy against alleged online copyright infringers that is similar to measures enacted in France, Korea and the UK.

Specialist data analysis plays role in historic Guatemalan human rights case
This account of the ongoing trial in Guatemala of two policemen accused of abducting labour activist Edgar Fernando García in 1984 highlights the role of data sourced from the Historical Archive of the National Police in the prosecution’s case: “[The Human Rights Data Analysis Group at Benetech] helped define the universe of police records consulted in the investigation into the crime and offered supporting evidence of the involvement of senior police and military structures in the planning, design, orders and oversight of the operation that resulted in García’s abduction.”

How digital technology gets the news out of North Korea
Excellent feature detailing the work of Asia News in getting uncensored reporting out of North Korea and into the wider world: “The material they produce is often startling and documents a side of the country the government doesn’t want the world to see.”

A history of HTML5
A rich and accessible history of the development of the new web standard HTML5, and of its implications for the web: “The central goal of HTML5 is to give websites the chance to expand beyond pages and into programs”.

Internet Censorship and Freedom of Expression in Latin America
David Sasaki concludes a broad and informative three-part series on internet regulation in Latin America.

Webcast: The battle for the internet economy
John Battelle and Tim O’Reilly discuss “points of control” and rent-seeking in digital business.

Google ends secret wifi data gathering as international privacy watchdogs investigate
Google Vice President Alan Eustace has stated that his company is “mortified” that its Streetview cars have been “inadvertently” collecting and storing personal data while scanning wifi networks. The Streetview cars, which travel the world taking photographs to upload to Google’s controversial Streetview service, had also been gathering information about the location of wifi networks to improve the company’s geolocation services, a practice Google say they will now stop. Privacy watchdogs in the UK, Germany, France and Canada are currently investigating the issue.

Mobile operators under pressure in Mozambique
In a move understood to have followed the widespread use of SMS to organise protests during September’s food shortages, the government of Mozambique will require mobile operators to register the SIM cards of all their customers by mid-November. This week, the government announced that a levy imposed on mobile phone subscribers that would contribute to a government-controlled Transport and Communications Development Fund would now be shifted onto operators in order to avoid constitutional issues around introducing new forms of taxation.

Livejournal bloggers expose suspicious government IT contracts in Russia
Global Voices report that Russian bloggers with IT expertise have launched a new campaign to scrutinise government IT tenders, after they noticed that the Ministry of Health was inviting companies to tender for contracts on unfair or suspicious terms. The campaign has already seen at least three tenders cancelled, with one official responsible for a suspicious tender being forced to resign.

Vatican speaks out against unduly aggressive IP protection
In an address to the General Assembly of the World Intellectual Property Organization last month, a Vatican spokesperson has condemned aggressive intellectual property (IP) protection that harms access to medicines in poorer countries. Archbishop Silvano M. Tomasi, Permanent Representative of the Holy See to the United Nations remarked: “on the part of rich countries there is excessive zeal for protecting knowledge through an unduly rigid assertion of the right to intellectual property, especially in the field of health care.”

Future internet scenarios
The Internet Society have shared the results of a scenario planning exercise they engaged in to reveal plausible courses of events that could impact the future “health of the Internet”. The results are presented in a compelling way, and represent a useful framework for understanding current issues such as censorship technologies, the rise of web hyper-giants like Facebook and Google, and cyber security concerns.

Judging the cyber war terrorist threat
In this essay for the New Yorker Seymour Hersh gives context and depth to Western governments’ current obsession with cyberwar, tallying the potential cost to civil liberties of an over-reliance on the military to respond to cyberthreats.

Ten theses on Wikileaks
Internet scholars Geert Lovink and Patrice Riemens present ten competing analyses of the status and prospects of the whistleblowing website Wikileaks. This week Wikileaks disclosed hundreds of thousands of US Army reports pertaining to the war in Iraq, which revealed greater civilian casualties than previously reported, and allegations of widespread torture of detainees.

How to examine copyright’s impacts on innovation
This United States National Academy of Sciences has set up a committee to examine and enrich the evidence base informing current copyright practice. In this blog post, Public Knowledge summarise their submission, which urges the committee to re-examine several issues including the length of copyright term and the cost effectiveness of imposing liability for copyright infringement on internet service providers.

How Useful is Humanitarian Crowdsourcing?
Ushahidi critic Paul Currion of humanitarian.info attempts to advance the debate on crowdsoucing and humanitarian response: “My critique of crowdsourcing – shared by other people working at the interface of humanitarian response and technology – is not that it is disruptive to business as usual. My critique is that it doesn’t work.”

High internet, SMS costs slow Rwanda rural project
The Rwandan Development Board is considering inviting competing telecommunications providers to take part in Rwanda’s e-soko project after users of the market price information service complained that SMS and internet costs associated with it were too high. 30,000 farmers, traders and consumers in the country are using the service.

Russian police investigating Wikipedia
Russian police are reported to be investigating claims that the Russian instance of Wikipedia is hosting “extremist” content proscribed by the Russian justice ministry. So far Wikipedia editors have not been told which works are under suspicion. Earlier this year a local Russian court ruled that YouTube should be blocked after complaints about extremist videos, although that decision was later amended to oblige Russian internet service providers to block only certain pages, and not the entire service.

Microsoft expands efforts to protect non-profit groups from piracy crackdowns
The New York Times reports that Microsoft is planning to provide software licences free-of-charge to more than 500,000 advocacy groups and independent media organisations in countries including Russia and China. The move follows on from reports that repressive governments were “using software piracy inquiries as a pretext to suppress dissent”.

Google offers piracy help to Big Media, at a price
CNet reports that Google has written a letter to executives at two music industry trade groups offering to help them track down pirated material online, for a price. The move comes in the context of Google’s ongoing licensing negotiations with the content industry following a recently launched “Google TV” service and a planned digital music service.

‘Scrapers’ Dig Deep for Data on the Web
The Wall Street Journal reports on the growing trend for media research firms, data brokers and other commercial entities to “scrape” websites for personal data and package it on at a price.

Peter Thiel launches new fellowship for young tech entrepreneurs
PayPal co-founder Peter Thiel has launched 20 fellowships incorporating cash grants worth up to $100,000 each, for people under 20 years old “to further their innovative scientific and technical ideas”. The fellowships include mentoring from key members of Thiel’s extended network of successful technology entrepreneurs.

Open Access Week
This week is international Open Access Week, a global event to promote Open Access as a new norm in scholarship and research. To celebrate, the OSF blog interviewed the Information Program’s Melissa Hagemann about the successes in the open access movement so far, and the challenges it faces in the future.
Open Access Week | Interview

Decrypting the Web
Siva Vaidhyanathan writes a thoughtful and well-informed piece for Dissent magazine, recalling failed attempts in the nineties to regulate everyday use of strong cryptography, and detailing how the US government’s recently reported desire to “wiretap” the encrypted net will meet with the same fate.

Garage biotech: Life hackers
This Nature feature on “bio-hacking” is an excellent introduction to trends in garage microbiology and DIY genomics. It traces parallels between the activities of these hobbyists and the history of early personal computer development and computer hacking.

OER: Interview with Nicole Allen
Creative Commons interview Student Public Interest Research Group Campaign Director Nicole Allen on the topic of open educational resources (OER).

Research report: “Campaign Takedown Troubles”
This new report from the Center for Democracy and Technology documents the extent to which overly aggressive copyright enforcement claims made under the Digital Millennium Copyright Act have inappropriately stifled online political speech during recent US election campaigns.

French police accused of maintaining illegal Roma database
French police are denying accusations that they maintain a secret and illegal database of Roma and other travelling minorities. The Register report that the existence of the database “came to light by chance, when a 48-page powerpoint presentation…turned up on the internet.” Human rights groups are calling for a swift public response to the revelations, and Baroness Sarah Ludford MEP has urged the European Commission to investigate France’s “anti-Roma policies”.

UAE will not ban BlackBerrys
The BBC report that telecommunications regulators in the United Arab Emirates have been satisfied that BlackBerrys are compliant with the country’s security needs, and will not therefore ban the service this week, as had been originally threatened. Research in Motion, makers of the handheld device which routinely encrypts communications data, said it would not reveal the details of their discussions with UAE regulators.

iCow wins Apps 4 Africa competition
Apps4Africa, a competition funded by the US government, has awarded its first $5,000 prize to a voice-based application which uses smart phones to track the fertility of cows. The creator of “iCow” is Charles Kithika from Kenya.

Libya takes hard line on .ly link shortening domains
The co-founder of an “adult friendly” url shortening service that used the Libyan top level domain .ly has warned that the Libyan domain registry service may deregister other .ly domains without warning, after his site was taken off the web.

HTML5 may weaken privacy
The New York Times reports on the next version of Hypertext Markup Language, HTML5, focussing on the new capabilities for online behaviour tracking the website programming language will introduce. Privacy campaigners have called HTML5 a “Pandora’s Box”, but the World Wide Web Consortium, which is overseeing the specification of HTML5 say they are taking questions of user privacy “very seriously”.

Creating a National Digital Library
Director of the Harvard University Library lays out the path toward a US National Digital Library in this excellent post on the New York Review of Books blog.

A civic hacktivism abecedary
Tony Bowden has been working with the OSI Information Program and mySociety for the past year identifying viable and exciting civic hacktivism projects in Central and Eastern Europe. This ABC guide will eventually list the 26 favourite lessons he’s drawn from the experience. Topics so far include “B – Bypass Bureaucracy” and “F – Facebook Will Destroy You”.

Interview with Chiranuch Premchaiporn of Thai Netizen Network
The EFF interview Chiranuch Premchaiporn (known as Jiew), a Director and webmaster of alternative Thai news website Prachatai, and founding member of the Thai Netizen Network. Jiew was recently charged under the Thai Computer Crime Act, and may face a sentence of 82 years. She discusses flaws in the law under which she was charged, and the effect the charges have had on her life.

The Atlantic syllabus series
Starting in August, the Atlantic magazine has been running articles which ask academics teaching courses on ethical, cultural and social issues in technology to share their syllabi. The result is this fascinating series.

Who’s Who in Internet Politics
A concise, US-focused primer for decision makers on the advocates and issues that surround regulation of the internet: “Some might argue that these issues are transitory and will recede in importance as the digital economy matures. But there is good reason to believe otherwise: The debates that pit online consumers against resistant middlemen are likely to continue as new forms of online distribution evolve.”

Video: Public domain calculators
This short video explains the European Public Domain Calculators project, which aims to create an algorithm to establish whether a particular work is in the public domain. In a separate but complementary development, this week Creative Commons have launched a new, machine-readable “public domain mark”, which will help users of the web search for public domain material. Both projects aim to exploit the power of new technology in order to make better use of public domain works.
Public domain calculators | Public domain mark

Infographic: The True size of Africa
Like any good infographic, this image speaks for itself.

US internet censorship bill delayed
Following significant public pressure, including an open letter to the Senate Judiciary Committee from 96 founding internet scientists and engineers, the EFF report that the “Combating Online Infringement and Counterfeit Act” will not be considered further until after the US midterm elections in October. It had been feared that the deeply flawed bill, which included proposals to use the internet’s Domain Name System (DNS) to boot suspected copyright infringers off the ‘net, would be rushed through without proper scrutiny in order to appease lobbyists.

India ID project begins in earnest
India’s project to create a unique, biometric-linked identification for each of its 1.2 billion citizens kicked off in earnest this week, amid stiff resistance from civil society groups, who say the project is intrusive, expensive, and possibly illegal.

New media law in Syria to target bloggers?
The New York Times report that a draft law being proposed in Syria would force bloggers and journalists to register as syndicate members and submit their writing for review: “Other Arab countries regularly jail journalists who express dissident views, but Syria may be the most restrictive of all”.

e-Voting dealt double blow
Flawed electronic voting technologies were dealt a double blow this week, with hacker infiltration ending an online voting trial in Washington DC, and the Indian Electoral Commission bowing to mounting pressure to provide a paper trail alongside their electronic systems. e-Voting campaigners are now calling for all charges against Indian security researcher Hari Prasad – who was arrested in August after he revealed flaws in e-voting machines – to be dropped.
US | India

ACTA “Ultra-Lite” emerges from Tokyo negotiations
The Tokyo round of negotiations of the Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement concluded last week, with mixed messages coming from country delegates, and in particular the US and the EU, about whether a final agreement had been reached. A draft of the consolidated text released this week shows that harmful provisions had been watered down, including those to do with intermediary liability for copyright infringement and the circumvention of digital locks to enable fair use of copyrighted works.

What is the impact of digital activism?
The impact of digital activism has been in the headlines for most of the past week. A New Yorker essay by Malcolm Gladwell kicked off a lively debate which included input from Evgeny Morozov and Howard Rheingold in the New York Times, and Henry Farrell at Crooked Timber.
Essay | NY Times response | Crooked Timber response

A Tour through the Visualization Zoo
A wonderful crib sheet detailing a wide variety of data visualisation techniques.

Free to Learn: Guide to OER for higher education
This booklet from Creative Commons is aimed at higher education governance officials, particularly boards of trustees and senior academic leaders, to help them better understand Open Educational Resources (OER) and their benefits to students, faculty and institutions.

Rise of the Online Autocrats
Evgeny Morozov shows how officials from autocratic regimes are using social media to disseminate pro-government views and undermine their critics. “The decentralized nature of online conversations often makes it easier to manipulate public opinion, both domestically and globally”

Who’s suing who in the mobile business
A handy visualisation of the many intellectual property lawsuits currently being fought by mobile companies against each other.

US wants to make it easier to wiretap the internet
The New York Times report that the Obama administration is seeking to introduce measures that would require all communications providers to be technically capable of complying if served with a wiretap order. The requirements would apply to those providing encrypted communications services, as well as to social networking sites, and voice-over-IP (VoIP) services.

Stuxnet worm detected at Iranian nuclear plant
Iranian officials have confirmed that a computer worm that exploits a vulnerability in Microsoft’s Windows operating system and which targets computers used widely in the management of critical infrastructure has been detected in systems inside the Natanz nuclear facility. Security experts say that the Stuxnet worm is the first example of attackers targeting the specialised computers that control industrial operations. The origins of the worm are unknown.

Civil society shut out of “final” ACTA negotiations
The Program on Information Justice and Intellectual Property report how a last-minute change in the schedule for negotiations of the Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement will keep most civil society representatives from participating fully in the process. Civil society groups including Knowledge Ecology International and La Quadrature du Net have been advocating for a greater emphasis during negotiations on citizens’ rights to access to knowledge, ever since the treaty was first mooted in 2007.

Burma publication claims cyberattack
The New York Times report that The Irrawaddy, a Thailand-based magazine that is a leading source of news and criticism of the Burmese junta, have fallen victim to a politically-motivated distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack. Editor Aung Zaw told the newspaper “This is a new game, a new frontier…it shows how vulnerable we are.”

Emails of anti-piracy law firm leaked
Private email correspondence of the anti-piracy law firm ACS:Law have been revealed by a glitch in the company’s website. The emails include correspondence with individuals accused by ACS:Law of violating copyright, as well as correspondence with consumer magazine Which?, who have raised doubts about the legitimacy of ACS:Law’s practice of sending such letters, which demand financial settlement in exchange for not taking their allegations to court. The email glitch occurred following a DDoS attack on the website, allegedly perpetrated by members of the forum 4chan.

Wikileaks undergoing internal revolt
Wired’s Threat Level blog reports on schisms inside the Wikileaks organisation.

Blogs and Bullets: new media in contentious politics
This report from the United States Institute for Peace argues that scholars and policymakers should adopt a more nuanced view of new media’s role in democratisation and social change.

Regulatory approaches to net neutrality in Europe and beyond
This paper by Angela Daly sets out the different regulatory responses to the net neutrality issue, with a focus on the EU.

An interview with Jean-François Cazenave
Interview with head of crisis response telecoms specialists Télécoms Sans Frontières on the occasion of their 12th anniversary.

Africa and television white spaces
Steve Song encourages Africans to demand a similar deal on unlicensed spectrum to the one just agreed by the FCC in the US.

“The death of the book has been greatly exaggerated”
Christopher Mims explains why new media pundits are using the iPad and Kindle to inflate a “hype bubble” around the death of the paper book.

Podcast: Little Atoms
British podcast Little Atoms is an excellent independent weekly talk show “based around ideas of the Enlightenment”. This recent episode features an interview with Nicholas Carr, author of “The Shallows: How the internet is making us change the way we think, read and remember.”

[with apologies for late posting]

Mozambique blocked texts during food riots
The BBC report that authorities in Mozambique moved to block text messaging services across Maputo during recent food riots in the capital. Mobile phones had played a key role in organising the protests.

Jailed Iranian blogger may face death penalty
Global Voices report that Tehran’s prosecutor is seeking the death penalty for Hossein Derakhshan (also known as “Hoder”, the author of influential Iranian blog Editor:Myself). Derakhshan has been in prison in Iran for nearly two years: “The reasons for Hoder’s initial arrest upon his return to Iran from Canada in 2008 remain unclear, but many speculated that his two (highly publicised) trips to Israel were the primary reason.” [Read update here]

Internet at Liberty 2010 takes place in Budapest
The Internet at Liberty conference, co-sponsored by Google and the Central European University, took place in Budapest, Hungary this week. The conference was designed to “address the boundaries of online free expression” and panellists included many current and former Information Program grantees. Jillian York live-blogged many of the most interesting sessions.

EPIC sues for details of NSA agreement with Google
The Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC) is suing the US National Security Agency (NSA) to disclose details of a reported agreement it has made with Google to work together to respond to cyber attacks. The move follows the NSA’s refusal to grant EPIC access to the information via the Freedom of Information Act.

Google releases “Transparency Report”
Google launched a new service this month which aims to show users disruptions that occur to the free flow of information across its servers, either because of government requests to takedown information, or because of network outages. The site also shows how many requests Google receives from governments across the world to hand over data about its users.

Bill would give US Justice Department power to disrupt piracy sites worldwide
Wired’s Threat Level blog reports that US lawmakers have introduced a bill that could allow court orders to “shut down” piracy websites via the domain registry system: “If passed, the Justice Department could ask a federal court for an injunction that would order a US domain registrar or registry to stop resolving an infringing site’s domain name, so that visitors to PirateBay.org, for example, would get an error message.”

The internet freedom fallacy and Arab digital activism
Global Voices’ Advocacy Director Sami Ben Gharbia airs his concerns about the US State Department’s Internet Freedom policy in this important and thoughtful essay.

Policing content in the quasi-public sphere
The Open Net Initiative release a new bulletin on the way social media and blogging platforms limit speech online through their terms of service and takedown policies.

Citizen journalism, social media and Mexican drug-related violence
David Sasaki’s presentation to the Austin Forum on Organized Crime and Drug Trafficking looks at drug-related violence in Mexico through the prism of citizen journalism and social media.

Technology and education – New York Times special issue
The New York Times magazine devotes an entire issue to technology and education. Includes articles from Jaron Lanier and Kevin Kelly, and a history of technology in the classroom.

Academics rethinking internet architecture
This short feature details some next-generation internet research projects that could lead to fundamental changes in the architecture of the net. Included are projects related to linked data, mobile, and security in the cloud.

Podcast: IEEE Spectrum – This week in technology
Steven Cherry talks to political scientist Stefan Hertog about why a surprisingly disproportionate number of convicted terrorists are engineers in this episode of the excellent podcast series produced by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.

Iranian activists advised to stop using Haystack
Following news of a security flaw, the US-based Censorship Research Center (CRC) has announced that it has halted ongoing testing of its anti-censorship software Haystack in Iran. The Electronic Frontier Foundation has recommended that people stop using all versions of the Haystack software immediately. The news follows on from concerns that CRC had not previously made the Haystack code available to the wider security and censorship-circumvention community for testing and scrutiny.

European Parliament adopts declaration against ACTA
377 members of the European Parliament have signed up to a written declaration condemning many aspects of the Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA). The EU is a party to the draft treaty, with its negotiating effort being led by the European Commission. Although the declaration has no binding force, it indicates that the Commission may have to push for more consumer- and citizen-friendly provisions at the treaty’s next, and potentially final, negotiating round this month, in order to be sure the deal it strikes will be approved by Parliament.

Russian authorities use IP-enforcement powers to raid NGO offices
Following a story broken by the New York Times, that police in Russia were seizing the computers of civil society groups on the pretext of searching for pirated Microsoft software, Microsoft have issued blanket licences to advocacy groups and media organisations, both in Russia and elsewhere. The move means Microsoft’s in-country lawyers will no longer provide legal support for politically motivated piracy raids.

FCC likely to approve new unlicensed spectrum
The US Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is expected to expand the proportion of the airwaves available to device and network innovators in a meeting later this month, The regulator is expected to give final approval to a conversion to unlicensed spectrum of white space freed up by the switch from analogue to digital television.

Safaricom slashes mobile text-message cost
Bloomberg report that a price war between competitors in the Kenyan mobile market has seen Safaricom reduce its SMS prices by up to 94%.

DoS attacks sponsored by movie industry
The Sydney Morning Herald reports that an Indian company is offering Denial of Service attacks as a service to rightsholding clients trying to remove pirated movies from the web.

Consumers International survey
A new survey designed to reveal the obstacles consumers face in gaining access to educational and cultural resources has been released by Consumers International. The survey was conducted in 13 languages, covering 15,000 consumers across 24 countries. It found that “the biggest barriers that consumers face in accessing copyright works are those created by copyright law. Even so, consumers around the world will choose original copyright works over pirated copies, provided that they are available at an affordable price.”

Does open data only empower the empowered?
This excellent blog post by Michael Gurstein uses the example of the digitized land registry in Bangalore to warn that open data initiatives may empower the already-empowered to use information in self-interested ways: “This is not to suggest that processes of computerization inevitably lead to such outcomes but rather to say that in the absence of efforts to equalize the playing field… the end result may be increased social divides rather than reduced ones.”

10 sources of free textbooks online
The Curriki website celebrates a new school term by pointing readers to ten great sources for open educational resources.

Indian civil society and biometric ID
This AlterNet feature tracks the developing disquiet among civil society groups in India as their government prepares to roll out a new biometric identification project whose aim is to give every Indian a lifelong Unique ID number.

Rise of religious search engines?
NPR report on a new trend: the rise of religious search engines. One creator of a search engine aimed at Christians says “a search on his site would not turn up pornography. If you search ‘gay marriage’, you would get results that argue against gay marriage”. Other search engines aimed at the Jewish and Muslim communities are also investigated in this report.

The future of peer review
Cameron Neylon argues that online reaction to a recent new proof for a major outstanding mathematical theorem hints at the future of peer review: “The online maths community has lit up with excitement…And in the process we are seeing online collaborative post publication peer review take off.”